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The Mutualization of Sovereign Debt: Comparing the American Past and the European Present
This study identifies commonalities between two historical incidents of debt assumption – in the United States in 1791 and in present-day...


Renewable Energy and the Free Movement of Good
Member States retain the right to decide who can receive renewable energy subsidies, and can exclude green electricity produced abroad...

The Compatibility of the ECB’s Sovereign Bond Purchases with EU Law and German Constitutional Law
The European Central Bank’s (ECB) bond purchase program — possibly the most effective anti-crisis tool yet — is compatible with EU law....


Limiting Jurisdictional Fragmentation in International Trade Disputes
There is an increasing risk of overlapping jurisdictions and conflicting decisions due to the growth of preferential trade agreements...


Price Undertakings in EU Anti-dumping Proceedings – an Instrument of the Past?
Price undertakings are alternatives to imposing anti-dumping duties. In the past, almost half of EU anti-dumping measures were price...


The Treatment of Confidential Information in WTO Dispute SettlementProceedings
Confidentiality issues concerning sensitive information have been a frequent issue in dispute settlement proceedings of the World Trade...


Barriers and Solutions for Electricity Grid Expansion – the German Case
There is a lack of synchronization in the expansion of renewable energies and the modernization of the electricity grid infrastructure....

The Western Sahara Dispute: A Case for the European Court of Justice?
The Western Sahara dispute remains prominent today on the agenda of international politics. From a legal perspective, the discussion has...


The Lisbon Judgment of the German Federal Constitutional Court – New Guidance on the Limits of European Integration?
The German Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) has found that there are no constitutional objections against the Lisbon Treaty. At the...


The European’s Union Liability for Non-Compliance with Decisions of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body: The Lack of Judicial Protection Persists
In the past, the European Court of Justice has strongly favoured not intervening in any way in the international process of dispute...


The WTO Dispute Settlement Interim Review – Need for its Elimination or Extension to the Appellate Body Stage?
One innovation submitted for the review of the Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU) has been to extend the interim review to the appeal...
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